{"id":339,"date":"2026-04-07T08:08:38","date_gmt":"2026-04-07T08:08:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-togaf.com\/vi\/applying-project-management-principles-complex-unstructured-problems\/"},"modified":"2026-04-07T08:08:38","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T08:08:38","slug":"applying-project-management-principles-complex-unstructured-problems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-togaf.com\/vi\/applying-project-management-principles-complex-unstructured-problems\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1eeb L\u00fd Thuy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ebfn Th\u1ef1c H\u00e0nh: \u00c1p D\u1ee5ng C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean T\u1eafc Qu\u1ea3n L\u00fd D\u1ef1 \u00c1n V\u00e0o C\u00e1c V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 Ph\u1ee9c T\u1ea1p, Kh\u00f4ng C\u1ea5u Tr\u00fac"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c khung qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c ra m\u1eaft m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m A \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m B l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh doanh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Khi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 duy. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro, tham gia c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb khi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

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\"Sketch-style<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\ud83e\udde9 Hi\u1ec3u R\u00f5 B\u1ea3n Ch\u1ea5t C\u1ee7a C\u00e1c V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 Kh\u00f4ng C\u1ea5u Tr\u00fac<\/h2>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, ta ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng gian v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Ph\u1ea1m Vi Kh\u00f4ng X\u00e1c \u0110\u1ecbnh:<\/strong> C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. Ch\u00fang thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/li>\n
  • M\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ed9 M\u01a1 H\u1ed3 Cao:<\/strong>C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n g\u00ec cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n.<\/li>\n
  • T\u01b0\u01a1ng Quan Ch\u00e9o:<\/strong>S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng lan truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
  • T\u00ednh M\u1edbi M\u1ebb:<\/strong>C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ‘\u0111\u00fang’ th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00f4ng qua th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m thay v\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb vai tr\u00f2 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 v\u1ebd b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sang vai tr\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    \ud83d\udee0 \u0110i\u1ec1u Ch\u1ec9nh C\u00e1c Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ec3 Ph\u00f9 H\u1ee3p V\u1edbi S\u1ef1 M\u01a1 H\u1ed3<\/h2>\n

    Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Agile ho\u1eb7c Waterfall, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc m\u1ed9t khung ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00ecm h\u00e3m s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

    H\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh sau khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\nD\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n (Waterfall)<\/th>\nTh\u00edch \u1ee9ng (Agile\/L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i)<\/th>\nC\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
    L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea7u, chi ti\u1ebft<\/td>\nV\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, s\u00f3ng l\u0103n<\/td>\nT\u1ed5ng quan ban \u0111\u1ea7u, chi ti\u1ebft sau<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ph\u1ea1m vi<\/strong><\/td>\nC\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\nLinh ho\u1ea1t<\/td>\nGi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng linh ho\u1ea1t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i<\/strong><\/td>\nK\u1ebft th\u00fac giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/td>\nLi\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/td>\nC\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    R\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/td>\nPh\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm<\/td>\nB\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t<\/td>\nGi\u00e1m s\u00e1t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lai th\u01b0\u1eddng mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p duy tr\u00ec qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 linh ho\u1ea1t thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i khi th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t ‘ngu\u1ed3n duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt’ v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

    \ud83d\udccb L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h2>\n

    L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac; n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c chi ti\u1ebft (WBS) cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft r\u00f5. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u00f3ng l\u0103n:<\/strong> L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft cao. L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Khi b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n tinh ch\u1ec9nh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
    • L\u00ean l\u1ecbch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/strong> T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho t\u1eebng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh khi theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n
    • L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n:<\/strong> Gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n
    • Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng:<\/strong> Th\u00eam c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, h\u00e3y truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 thi, h\u00e3y n\u00eau r\u00f5 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t uy t\u00edn.<\/p>\n

      \u26a0\ufe0f Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro trong h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n

      Trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, r\u1ee7i ro th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng qua d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, r\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n. Do \u0111\u00f3, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

      1. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro \u0111ang b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t<\/h3>\n

      T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3. Nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1eb7t c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd trong tu\u1ea7n n\u00e0y?<\/li>\n
      • Th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebfu khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 x\u1ea3y ra?<\/li>\n
      • Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sai kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        2. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n

        C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng Monte Carlo). T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n (th\u1eddi gian, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m) v\u00e0 x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma tr\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n Cao\/Trung b\u00ecnh\/Th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd.<\/p>\n

        3. Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro so v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng<\/h3>\n

        \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n v\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o cho th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ee1, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f3 s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t ‘K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch B’ s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n khi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111i sai h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n

        \ud83e\udd1d Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/h2>\n

        C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9; s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn d\u1eaft d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Giao ti\u1ebfp minh b\u1ea1ch:<\/strong>\u0110\u1eebng gi\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. C\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao s\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o. Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u00e1o c\u00e1o nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n
        • Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1ef1c quan:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng tr\u1ef1c quan \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9. Trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng tr\u1ef1c quan hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n
        • Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng t\u1eeb s\u1edbm:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. N\u1ebfu m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kinh doanh l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, \u0111\u1eebng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c ra m\u1eaft s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. N\u1ebfu m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, h\u00e3y ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p.<\/li>\n
        • \u1ee6y quy\u1ec1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh khi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7. Giao quy\u1ec1n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m g\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \ud83d\udcca C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/h2>\n

          Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft. Trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea7n nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1.<\/p>\n

          1. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n

          Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m tra n\u01a1i c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan xem x\u00e9t ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng hay d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. \u1ede m\u1ed7i c\u1eeda, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
          • Ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
          • Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            2. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n

            Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. Thay v\u00ec ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m ho\u1eb7c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch cho c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

            3. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n

            Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3. Tri\u1ec3n khai ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, th\u00ec d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. H\u00e3y tham gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb s\u1edbm v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

            \ud83c\udfaf \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/h2>\n

            B\u1ea1n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay \u0111\u1ed5i? C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u201c\u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00fang ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

              \n
            • T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi:<\/strong>\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Tu\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec m\u1edbi? Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft ch\u01b0a?<\/li>\n
            • M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan:<\/strong>Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn n\u00ean cao n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd tin v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
            • Tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m:<\/strong>C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac g\u00e2y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m. M\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e9m. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
            • Giao d\u1ecbch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong> T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p trong m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p. Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00f4m nay kh\u00f4ng? Ngay c\u1ea3 khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \ud83e\udded Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/h2>\n

              Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 \u00edt nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. Vai tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ‘ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5’ sang ‘lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n’. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t. S\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n t\u00e2m l\u00fd n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n

              Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • L\u1eafng nghe ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>Hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra.<\/li>\n
              • Quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n:<\/strong>Khi th\u00f4ng tin ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, h\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00f3 sau n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n
              • S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t:<\/strong>T\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n
              • Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh:<\/strong>Gi\u1eef b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh. C\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y lan. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \ud83d\udd27 C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n

                \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y ngay h\u00f4m nay, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra sau:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n:<\/strong>Xem l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 linh ho\u1ea1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n
                2. Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n cho giao ti\u1ebfp. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 h\u1ecdp h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y hay \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n, s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n
                3. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong>T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n
                4. T\u0103ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c cho \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m:<\/strong>Giao quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p.<\/li>\n
                5. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh:<\/strong>L\u00ean l\u1ecbch h\u1ecdp t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft sau m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh. H\u1ecfi xem \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  \ud83c\udf1f Nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft<\/h2>\n

                  Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00f3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o r\u1ee7i ro ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec giao ti\u1ebfp minh b\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

                  Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Khi b\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng khung kh\u1ed5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. H\u00e3y linh ho\u1ea1t, gi\u1eef t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u1edf trung t\u00e2m m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  C\u00e1c khung qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ed5n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":340,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c khung kh\u1ed5 cho s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c giao h\u00e0ng.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[39,47],"class_list":["post-339","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-project-management","tag-academic","tag-project-management"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c khung kh\u1ed5 cho s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c giao h\u00e0ng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.go-togaf.com\/vi\/applying-project-management-principles-complex-unstructured-problems\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c khung kh\u1ed5 cho s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m 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