{"id":329,"date":"2026-04-09T15:08:14","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T15:08:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-togaf.com\/vi\/project-management-retrospectives-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-04-09T15:08:14","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T15:08:14","slug":"project-management-retrospectives-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-togaf.com\/vi\/project-management-retrospectives-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch, nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp n\u00e0y bi\u1ebfn kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 tinh ch\u1ec9nh quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, n\u00e2ng cao giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. N\u00f3 \u0111i xa h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p theo d\u00f5i c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn qua nhi\u1ec1u chu k\u1ef3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. D\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo khung Agile hay m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3u th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u1ea3n t\u01b0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n

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\"Hand-drawn<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c coi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 ph\u00ed ph\u1ea1m th\u1eddi gian. H\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m n\u00ean l\u00e0 giao h\u00e0ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ghi nh\u1eadn b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. M\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5:<\/strong> N\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n sang hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
  • N\u00e2ng cao tinh th\u1ea7n:<\/strong> Khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafng nghe, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
  • T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/li>\n
  • Chuy\u1ec3n giao ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n t\u01b0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u00ed nh\u1edb v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c. C\u00f3 n\u00f3, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t kho t\u00e0ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, t\u00edch l\u0169y theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

    C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t sprint kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 sau tri\u1ec3n khai sau m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ra m\u1eaft s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cho m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/th>\nTh\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\nTr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/td>\nCu\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3\/sprint<\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh quy tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c nh\u00f3m, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng<\/strong><\/td>\nKhi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng<\/td>\nCh\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m giao, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Sau khi \u0111\u00f3ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/strong><\/td>\nSau khi giao h\u00e0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/td>\nC\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    B\u1ea3n t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/strong><\/td>\nSau m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/td>\nPh\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

    Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111i v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh, bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n. Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n

    1. Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1edbm<\/h3>\n

    C\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3m x\u00fac. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp, h\u00e3y thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9.<\/li>\n
    • Ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n
    • Nh\u1eadt k\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n
    • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch theo ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng tranh lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

      2. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng gian<\/h3>\n

      Kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn hay tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 c\u1edfi m\u1edf. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u1ec5 truy c\u1eadp. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh m\u1eaft thay v\u00ec ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

      3. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/h3>\n

      Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. H\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n giao ti\u1ebfp? Gi\u1ea3m n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt? L\u00e0m r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2? M\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ebd ng\u0103n bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i tr\u00fat m\u1ecdi b\u1ee9c x\u00fac.<\/p>\n

      \u0110i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp: Quy tr\u00ecnh \ud83d\udde3\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

      M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u0111i \u0111\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng. D\u00f9 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i to h\u01a1n chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf. C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t khung v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

      Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1: \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p?<\/h3>\n

      B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. Ghi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng. H\u00e3y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean chia s\u1ebb nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Giao ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01a1n tru kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
      • C\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u00e0o b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
      • \u0110\u1ed9i c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh vi t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu cho l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

        Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2: \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n?<\/h3>\n

        Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, h\u00e3y chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, h\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i. Thay v\u00ec n\u00f3i \u201cJohn \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian\u201d, h\u00e3y n\u00f3i \u201cM\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 v\u00ec giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u mu\u1ed9n.\u201d<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, D\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m g\u00ec? N\u00ean d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec? N\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?<\/li>\n
        • T\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, Bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3, Vui m\u1eebng:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta vui m\u1eebng?<\/li>\n
        • L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01a1i x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 3: C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n

          M\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i than phi\u1ec1n. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

          S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed SMART cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • S<\/strong>C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n
          • M<\/strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
          • A<\/strong>Kh\u1ea3 thi: Li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
          • R<\/strong>Li\u00ean quan: Li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
          • T<\/strong>C\u00f3 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n: Khi n\u00e0o s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            An to\u00e0n t\u00e2m l\u00fd: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

            Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o an to\u00e0n t\u00e2m l\u00fd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t hay s\u1ec9 nh\u1ee5c khi l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, lo l\u1eafng hay sai s\u00f3t. Thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean s\u1ebd gi\u1eef k\u00edn th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

            L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh trong bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu trong quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua, v\u0103n h\u00f3a s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang im l\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n

              \n
            • L\u1eafng nghe ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>\u0110\u1eebng ng\u1eaft l\u1eddi. X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang n\u00f3i.<\/li>\n
            • T\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u1ecfi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>Th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u1ed1t, d\u00f9 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n
            • B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c n\u00e0o x\u1ea3y ra sau khi \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              T\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

              C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edch h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c nhau cho c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t th\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

              Agile v\u00e0 Scrum<\/h3>\n

              Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Agile, c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nghi th\u1ee9c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng sprint. T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nhanh ch\u00f3ng quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3. T\u1eadp trung th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong v\u00f2ng sprint ti\u1ebfp theo ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

              Waterfall<\/h3>\n

              C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Waterfall, c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean l\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m sau n\u00e0y. V\u00ec d\u1ef1 \u00e1n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

              M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh lai<\/h3>\n

              Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Agile cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng Waterfall cho tri\u1ec3n khai. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 Agile v\u1edbi ph\u1ea1m vi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 Waterfall. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1eef c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m \u1edf n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

              Theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng S\u1ef1 C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \ud83d\udcc8<\/h2>\n

              L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng? B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n theo d\u00f5i vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n mang t\u00ednh c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

              H\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 sau theo th\u1eddi gian:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh:<\/strong> Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n
              • V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i:<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng nhau c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
              • Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong>Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
              • M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i:<\/strong>Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn trong quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                N\u1ebfu c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong ba cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n can thi\u1ec7p \u1edf c\u1ea5p cao h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang cam k\u1ebft qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

                Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

                Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i b\u1eaby l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • B\u1ecf qua bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp:<\/strong>Khi ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ea5p g\u00e1p, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ecb c\u1eaft b\u1ecf. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1edbm s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u1ec1 sau.<\/li>\n
                • V\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i, bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u2018ch\u00fang ta\u2019 thay v\u00ec \u2018b\u1ea1n\u2019.<\/li>\n
                • B\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ebd suy gi\u1ea3m. H\u00e3y theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra.<\/li>\n
                • Thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i:<\/strong>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i trung l\u1eadp, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi ph\u1ed1i cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn. H\u00e3y lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean vai tr\u00f2 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n
                • S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u:<\/strong>Gi\u1eef nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, h\u00e3y m\u1eddi h\u1ecd tham gia m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3 bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \ud83d\udc54<\/h2>\n

                  S\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdp t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

                  L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00ean:<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1eddi gian:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o khung gi\u1edd h\u1ecdp l\u00e0 thi\u00eang li\u00eang v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
                  • Cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c cho nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/strong>N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u00f3.<\/li>\n
                  • L\u00e0m g\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/strong>Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111ang h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi. Chia s\u1ebb nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ban qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i.<\/li>\n
                  • T\u00f4n vinh ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9:<\/strong>Ghi nh\u1eadn khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y l\u1ee3i \u00edch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tri th\u1ee9c \ud83d\udcdd<\/h2>\n

                    Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng phai nh\u1ea1t. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i khi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n

                    T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trung t\u00e2m cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • Ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp.<\/li>\n
                    • Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n
                    • C\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
                    • T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n
                    • M\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      L\u00e0m cho t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a nh\u01b0 ‘v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 giao ti\u1ebfp’ ho\u1eb7c ‘tr\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p’ v\u00e0 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m li\u00ean quan trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n

                      M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \ud83c\udf0d<\/h2>\n

                      Khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • M\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n:<\/strong> Cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ghi ch\u00e9p k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n.<\/li>\n
                      • \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n
                      • C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh:<\/strong> T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft. Chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
                      • V\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i:<\/strong> Cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y n\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        Ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \ud83c\udfc1<\/h2>\n

                        C\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Ch\u00fang bi\u1ebfn kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o an to\u00e0n t\u00e2m l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

                        M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. M\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n mang l\u1ea1i c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cam k\u1ebft v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3n t\u01b0, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

                        B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf. L\u00ean l\u1ecbch t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp theo. M\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m tham gia. L\u1eafng nghe c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i. L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. Theo th\u1eddi gian, nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y t\u00edch l\u0169y l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                        Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m \u1edf…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":330,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh, t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[39,47],"class_list":["post-329","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-project-management","tag-academic","tag-project-management"],"yoast_head":"\nT\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. 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